# Christmas guide photograph attribution Commons file descriptions and the corresponding Creative Commons deeds were checked on 2026-10-20. These historical photographs illustrate destinations; they do not depict or verify the 2026 markets, dates or hotel availability. The license applies to each photograph, not to the guide or site as a whole. No endorsement by the photographers is implied. Four English destination photographs were replaced on 2026-10-29. Their current credits and modification notices appear under **Current replacements** below. Earlier notices remain applicable to the older files retained in this directory. Munich and Cologne were subsequently replaced with night photographs on 2026-10-29; see **Current night photographs** at the end of this document. ## Prague: editorial hero - Work: **Christmas Market**, photographed on 2018-12-05 in Prague. - Photographer: [Travis Wise / Photographing Travis](https://www.flickr.com/people/94599716@N06). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christmas_Market_-_Flickr_-_Photographing_Travis.jpg). - [Reviewed Commons revision](https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Christmas_Market_-_Flickr_-_Photographing_Travis.jpg&oldid=975627254). - [Original Flickr page](https://www.flickr.com/photos/photographingtravis/46656017232/). - License: [Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/). - Commons records a Flickr license review on 2020-08-17. The downloaded copy is 3840 × 2880, smaller than Commons' 4032 × 3024 original. - Input: `Christmas_Market_-_Flickr_-_Photographing_Travis.jpg`, 2,608,811 bytes. - Input SHA-256: `0fb8ab93cd48dcd8542e2671dfd6d7e0396b06f957a0ece5cabf4d39f485867d`. - Web derivative: `prague-christmas-market.webp`, 1600 × 1200, 576,032 bytes. ## Vienna: classic Christmas cities - Work: **004 Vienna Christmas Market - Wien Weihnachtsmarkt**, photographed on 2007-12-07 at Maria-Theresien-Platz, Vienna. - Photographer: [Marek Ślusarczyk / Tupungato](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Tupungato). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:004_Vienna_Christmas_Market_-_Wien_Weihnachtsmarkt.jpg). - [Reviewed Commons revision](https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:004_Vienna_Christmas_Market_-_Wien_Weihnachtsmarkt.jpg&oldid=735381080). - License: [Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). - The author requests attribution as Marek Ślusarczyk or microstock.pl outside Wikipedia. The visible caption uses the photographer's full name. - Input: `004_Vienna_Christmas_Market_-_Wien_Weihnachtsmarkt.jpg`, 2460 × 1640, 1,449,545 bytes. - Input SHA-256: `2b920346f90a060675baddc55d4ccd41a5133c04c76a51df4387587399205788`. - Web derivative: `vienna-christmas-market.webp`, 1200 × 800, 222,858 bytes. ## Strasbourg: Alsace editorial - Work: **Petite France Weihnachtsmarkt 2023 Bild 1**, photographed on 2023-11-25. - Photographer: [RaumplanungTV](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:RaumplanungTV). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Petite_France_Weihnachtsmarkt_2023_Bild_1.jpg). - [Reviewed Commons revision](https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Petite_France_Weihnachtsmarkt_2023_Bild_1.jpg&oldid=1178209357). - License: [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). - The source describes Christmas lights and angels in central Strasbourg; the alt text does not infer a specific street or market from the filename. - Input: `Petite_France_Weihnachtsmarkt_2023_Bild_1.jpg`, 1,976,268 bytes. The downloaded copy is 3840 × 2880, smaller than Commons' 4608 × 3456 original. - Input SHA-256: `9124bbc6a249f9a21bc207d7aa22376186144c7305ab98fb0b12c39c9b83a68d`. - Web derivative: `strasbourg-christmas-lights.webp`, 1200 × 900, 216,920 bytes. ## Modifications and responsive delivery The downloaded JPEGs are retained unchanged. Reproduce the web derivatives with: ```bash node scripts/optimize-christmas-guide-images.mjs ``` Using Sharp from the existing Next.js installation: apply EXIF orientation, resize without enlarging or changing aspect ratio, encode WebP quality 90 / effort 6, and omit embedded metadata. No retouching, color grading, sharpening, generative processing or file-level crop is applied. The three derivatives total 1,015,810 bytes versus 6,034,624 bytes of downloaded JPEGs (83.2% smaller). This is high-quality lossy encoding, not a lossless claim. The existing Next Image optimizer supplies responsive `srcset` candidates and negotiates AVIF/WebP using the site's existing configuration, at quality 90 for these three images. Their visible EN/FR/DE captions retain the photographer, work title, source and license links, and localized resize/conversion notices. The existing 3:2 split-image frame crops the 4:3 Strasbourg image for display; its caption explicitly states that crop. Prague and Vienna captions also allow for display cropping. Do not remove the notices or credit links when reusing the derivatives. Any later edits require an updated modification notice. ## English destination cards — issue #72 The eight additional photographs below were verified against their exact Commons file pages and current metadata on **2026-10-29**. They illustrate historical markets and destinations, not the 2026 events. Original file identities, download URLs, pinned revisions, byte sizes, checksums and processing details are recorded in [the image source manifest](../../../docs/christmas-destination-images-2026-sources.md) and its [machine-readable record](../../../docs/christmas-destination-images-2026-manifest.json). These WebP derivatives and display adaptations are distributed under the same exact image licences as their sources, including the applicable ShareAlike terms. The licences apply to these photographs, not unrelated site code or text. They may be reused under those licences without additional restrictions; no photographer endorsement is implied. Attribution, source, capture date, modification notice and licence are also embedded in each derivative's XMP metadata. ### Munich - Work: **Weihnachtsmarkt vor Neuem Rathaus München 2024-12-02.jpg**, photographed **2024-12-02**. - Photographer: [Strubbl](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Strubbl). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Weihnachtsmarkt_vor_Neuem_Rathaus_M%C3%BCnchen_2024-12-02.jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). - Derivative: [munich-christmas-market.webp](munich-christmas-market.webp), 1200 × 675, 124,550 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally and converted to WebP with neutral side padding to preserve both the complete Rathaus tower and Christmas stalls; no photo crop or stretching. ### Nuremberg - Work: **Christkindlesmarkt 2024 Nürnberg 096.jpg**, photographed **2024-12-14**. - Photographer: [DALIBRI](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:DALIBRI). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christkindlesmarkt_2024_N%C3%BCrnberg_096.jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). - Derivative: [nuremberg-christmas-market.webp](nuremberg-christmas-market.webp), 1200 × 675, 107,924 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally, cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP; no stretching or upscaling. ### Salzburg - Work: **Salzburg - Altstadt - Domplatz Christkindlmarkt - 2023 12 12-11.jpg**, photographed **2023-12-12**. - Photographer: [Eweht (Ewald Ehtreiber)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Eweht). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Salzburg_-_Altstadt_-_Domplatz_Christkindlmarkt_-_2023_12_12-11.jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). - Derivative: [salzburg-christmas-market.webp](salzburg-christmas-market.webp), 1200 × 675, 172,946 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally, cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP; no stretching or upscaling. ### Cologne - Work: **Cologne Cathedral during Weihnachtsmarkt.jpg**, photographed **2023-12-15**. - Photographer: [Feedmepaperr](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Feedmepaperr). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cologne_Cathedral_during_Weihnachtsmarkt.jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). - Derivative: [cologne-christmas-market.webp](cologne-christmas-market.webp), 1200 × 675, 108,356 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally and converted to WebP with neutral side padding to preserve the full cathedral-and-stall composition; no photo crop or stretching. ### Budapest - Work: **Advent Basilica (2).jpg**, photographed **2019-12-08**. - Photographer: [Elekes Andor](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Elekes_Andor). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Advent_Basilica_(2).jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). - Derivative: [budapest-christmas-market.webp](budapest-christmas-market.webp), 1200 × 675, 141,274 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally, cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP; no stretching or upscaling. ### Copenhagen - Work: **Christmas market at Tivoli, Copenhagen (23567940589).jpg**, photographed **2015-12-05**. - Photographer: [Maria Eklind](https://www.flickr.com/people/79123642@N04). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christmas_market_at_Tivoli,_Copenhagen_(23567940589).jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [CC BY-SA 2.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/). - Derivative: [copenhagen-christmas-market.webp](copenhagen-christmas-market.webp), 1200 × 675, 140,610 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally, cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP; no stretching or upscaling. ### London - Work: **View of Winter Wonderland from the path in Hyde Park - geograph.org.uk - 6333750.jpg**, photographed **2019-12-01**. - Photographer: [Robert Lamb](https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/26519). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:View_of_Winter_Wonderland_from_the_path_in_Hyde_Park_-_geograph.org.uk_-_6333750.jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [CC BY-SA 2.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/). - Derivative: [london-christmas-market.webp](london-christmas-market.webp), 1200 × 675, 89,968 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally, cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP; no stretching or upscaling. ### Colmar - Work: **Marché de Noël à Colmar - BH5A6679 (24089908345).jpg**, photographed **2015-12-27**. - Photographer: [questa_ta](https://www.flickr.com/people/123686285@N03). - [Wikimedia Commons source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:March%C3%A9_de_No%C3%ABl_%C3%A0_Colmar_-_BH5A6679_(24089908345).jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [CC BY 2.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/). - Derivative: [colmar-christmas-market.webp](colmar-christmas-market.webp), 1200 × 675, 152,678 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally, cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP; no stretching or upscaling. ## Current replacements — verified 2026-10-29 ### London — Jingyu Liu - Work: **A merry go round at night with people walking around**, Unsplash ID **SrbrMxOxcTE**; the source caption identifies Winter Wonderland in Hyde Park in **2021**, published **2022-01-04**. - Photographer: [Jingyu Liu](https://unsplash.com/@jeanpubi). - [Original Unsplash photograph](https://unsplash.com/photos/a-merry-go-round-at-night-with-people-walking-around-SrbrMxOxcTE). - Licence: [Unsplash License](https://unsplash.com/license), permitting commercial reuse and modification subject to its terms. - Derivative: [london-christmas-market-jingyu-liu.webp](london-christmas-market-jingyu-liu.webp), 1200 × 675, 103,998 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally, centre-cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP at quality 80; no stretching or upscaling. ### Nuremberg — Magnus Gertkemper - Work: **Christkindlesmarkt Nuernberg.jpg**, photographed **2005-12-14**. - Photographer: [Magnus Gertkemper](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christkindlesmarkt_Nuernberg.jpg). - [Original Wikimedia Commons photograph](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christkindlesmarkt_Nuernberg.jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Germany (CC BY-SA 2.0 DE)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/de/). - Derivative: [nuremberg-christmas-market-magnus-gertkemper.webp](nuremberg-christmas-market-magnus-gertkemper.webp), 1200 × 675, 118,032 bytes, distributed under the same CC BY-SA 2.0 DE licence. - Changes: Resized proportionally, centre-cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP at quality 80; no stretching or upscaling. ### Colmar — Gzen92 - Work: **Place des Dominicains - marché de Noël (Colmar) (1).jpg**, photographed **2018-12-28**. - Photographer: [Gzen92](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Gzen92). - [Original Wikimedia Commons photograph](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Place_des_Dominicains_-_march%C3%A9_de_No%C3%ABl_%28Colmar%29_%281%29.jpg). - Original and derivative licence: [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). - Derivative: [colmar-christmas-market-gzen92.webp](colmar-christmas-market-gzen92.webp), 1200 × 675, 104,420 bytes, distributed under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 licence. - Changes: Resized proportionally, centre-cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP at quality 80; no stretching or upscaling. ### Salzburg — Scorn Pion - Work: **Christmas market with people and festive lights**, Unsplash ID **zjn0WSjX2SM**; source caption **At christkindlmarkt Salzburg, Austria.**, published **2025-03-16** (capture date unverified). - Photographer: [Scorn Pion](https://unsplash.com/@scornpion). - [Original Unsplash photograph](https://unsplash.com/photos/christmas-market-with-people-and-festive-lights-zjn0WSjX2SM). - Licence: [Unsplash License](https://unsplash.com/license), permitting commercial reuse and modification subject to its terms. - Derivative: [salzburg-christmas-market-scorn-pion.webp](salzburg-christmas-market-scorn-pion.webp), 1200 × 675, 93,786 bytes. - Changes: Resized proportionally, top-cropped to 16:9 to retain the cathedral towers and converted to WebP at quality 80; no stretching or upscaling. ## Current night photographs — verified 2026-10-29 ### Munich — Tanja Wolff - Work: **MR B3A7817.jpg**, Christkindlmarkt at Marienplatz viewed from Alter Peter, photographed **2024-11-25**. - Photographer: [Tanja Wolff](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MR_B3A7817.jpg). - [Original Wikimedia Commons photograph](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MR_B3A7817.jpg). - [Verified file description revision](https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:MR_B3A7817.jpg&oldid=1068443417). - Original and derivative licence: [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). - Derivative: [munich-marienplatz-christmas-market-night-tanja-wolff.webp](munich-marienplatz-christmas-market-night-tanja-wolff.webp), 1200 × 675, 203,610 bytes, distributed under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 licence. - Changes: Resized proportionally, top-cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP at quality 80; no stretching or upscaling. Camera EXIF removed; attribution XMP retained. ### Cologne — Eremeev - Work: **Weihnachtszeit, Winterzeit (36).jpg**, Cologne Cathedral beside Christmas market stalls at night, photographed **2013-12-04, 17:27**. - Photographer: [Eremeev](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Eremeev), identified as **Pavel Eremeev** in the original image metadata. - Original supplied copyright notice: **© upashi.livejournal.com**. - [Original Wikimedia Commons photograph](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Weihnachtszeit,_Winterzeit_(36).jpg). - [Verified file description revision](https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Weihnachtszeit,_Winterzeit_(36).jpg&oldid=954470023). - Original and derivative licence: [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). - Derivative: [cologne-cathedral-christmas-market-night-eremeev.webp](cologne-cathedral-christmas-market-night-eremeev.webp), 1200 × 675, 109,564 bytes, distributed under the same CC BY-SA 3.0 licence. - Changes: Resized proportionally, centre-cropped to 16:9 and converted to WebP at quality 80; no stretching or upscaling. Camera EXIF removed; attribution XMP retained.